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Depending on the deployment situation and nature of collected data, EMSO data is collected in real-time or delayed mode. Both   SV Community Behaviours#beh_acq_ data collection methods are performed by the regional nodes of EMSO that are responsible for the operation of marine observatories. Marine observatories have to deal with many technological challenges due to their extreme, deep sea deployment locations. Therefore data acquired by marine observatory sensor systems is most often temporarily staged within the instruments or the observatory’s internal storage systems, and real-time transmission of data is only provided by observatories that are connected by submarine cables or permanent satellite connections. Whereas real time data are immediately available, the staged data becomes available for these systems only after visits during dedicated ship expeditions when the instruments are recovered or maintained. In addition, data are acquired through laboratory studies performed on material or samples collected at marine observatory sites such as multidisciplinary analyses of water samples, sediment cores, tow or trap catches.

Depending on the instrumentation and observatory design, on-site quality control and data filtering is applied, generally followed by a transformation process which converts the instrument specific data format into a transmission format required by EMSOs   data curation  curatiand   Model Overview#subsys_pro processing systems at the regional data centre nodes. The data collected by the    data acquisition sub-system are transmitted to the   data curation sub-system  , to be maintained and archived there.

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The EMSO data curation sub-system facilitates data curation,   SV Community Behaviours#beh_cur_ quality and   SV Community Behaviours#beh_cur_preservationof  preservation of scientific data. It is operated at the data centres responsible for archiving the data acquired by the EMSO regional nodes. Three major data centres are currently offering these services for EMSO data: UniHB (PANGAEA), INGV (MOIST) and IFREMER (EUROSITES).

  CV Data Curation#data data importer are provided by these institutions which either transfer the above mentioned data transmission format into an archival format or provide editorial tools and interfaces to ingest delayed mode data and laboratory analysis into their systems. Data which are intended to be transferred to the regional nodes data archives are quality checked, linked with an appropriate set of IV Information Objects#infobj_metadataaccording  according to international standards and persistently identified, depending on the archives internal standards and procedures. EMSO offers CV Data Curation#catalogue catalogue service and CV Data Curation#data data exporter for each regional node. The node systems PANGAEA and MOIST services based on metadata standards such as ISO19115, GCMD-DIF and extended Dublin Core, for EUROSITES data, metadata is extracted from NetCDF files via a central EMSO service. CV Data Curation#data data exporter are not yet fully implemented at all EMSO nodes, however it is planned to provide NetCDF export services for each node. The regional archives are responsible for cataloguing and long term preservation of these data that are provided for users via EMSO's data access and discovery subsystems.

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The EMSO data access sub-system enables discovery and retrieval of data housed in data resources managed by a data curation sub-system.  EMSO offers   SV Community Behaviours#beh_acc_discovery&accessvia discovery and access via a common   IV Information Objects#infobj_ metadata catalogue and web portal which can be visited at http://dataportals.pangaea.de/emso. The portal is based on the brokerage system panFMP (http://www.panfmp.org) and uses Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) or simple file transfer via FTP/HTTP to harvest metadata from EMSOs distributed regional node data archives and their archival systems PANGAEA, MOIST and EUROSITES.

The EMSO data portal offers machine-human as well as machine-machine search facilities and discovery services based on the collected  IV Information Objects#infobj_ metadata. This includes a simple web-based user interface, a data search engine, which is offered at the EMSO data portal in a Google like style. In addition the data portal offers a common discovery service following the OpenSearch specification including the OpenSearch-Geo extension. A Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)  Catalogue Service for Web (CS-W) interface is currently under development.

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Centralized community support sub-system services to SV Community Behaviours#beh_usa_profile management profile management, control and SV Community Behaviours#beh_usa_ tracking users' activities and supports users to conduct their roles in communities are not yet implemented or planned for EMSO.

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A reader may have noticed there are some terms in the writing that are different from the ones linked back in the Reference Model. For example, “ example3_setup (… of each observatory)” is linked to “SV Community Behaviours#beh_acq_instrument configuration”. The intention is to show that in practice, to pursue the fitness, significance or beauty of the writing, an author may use different vocabularies to express the same concept. However, one can link them to the related concepts and definitions in the Reference Model to indicate the precise meanings. In this sense, using the Reference Model is different from using a dictionary – referring to the Reference Model places more emphasis on conceptual relativity.